California Lupus foundation
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  • Patient Programs
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  • Events
  • Lupus Awareness Month
    • Lupus Awareness Month

Lupus is an Autoimmune Disease

Lupus is a systemic autoimmune disease that occurs when your body's immune system attacks your own tissues and organs. Inflammation caused by lupus can affect many different body systems — including your joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart and lungs.


While there's no cure for lupus, current treatments focus on improving the quality of life through controlling symptoms and minimizing flare-ups. This begins with lifestyle modifications, including sun protection and diet. Further disease management includes medications, such as anti-inflammatories and steroids.

Types of Lupus

There are several different types of lupus:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most common and most serious type of lupus. SLE affects all parts of the body.
  • Cutaneous lupus erythematosus, which affects only the skin
  • Drug-induced lupus, a short-term type of lupus caused by certain medicines
  • Neonatal lupus, a rare type of lupus that affect newborn babies

How is Lupus Diagnosed?

Only a physician can diagnose lupus. Lupus is a chronic and complex disease, and it is also known as "the great imitator" for symptoms that mimic those of other diseases. Generally, SLE is diagnosed when a patient meets four (4) of the following 11 criteria:

  1. Malar rash: butterfly-shaped rash across cheeks and nose
  2. Discoid (skin) rash: raised red patches
  3. Photosensitivity: skin rash as result of unusual reaction to sunlight
  4. Mouth or nose ulcers: usually painless
  5. Arthritis (nonerosive) in two or more joints, along with tenderness, swelling, or effusion. With nonerosive arthritis, the bones around joints don’t get destroyed.
  6. Cardio-pulmonary involvement: inflammation of the lining around the heart (pericarditis) and/or lungs (pleuritis)
  7. Neurologic disorder: seizures and/or psychosis
  8. Renal (kidney) disorder: excessive protein in the urine, or cellular casts in the urine
  9. Hematologic (blood) disorder: hemolytic anemia, low white blood cell count, or low platelet count
  10. Immunologic disorder: antibodies to double stranded DNA, antibodies to Sm, or antibodies to cardiolipin
  11. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA): a positive test in absence of drugs known to induce it

A female doctor talking to a woman.
Lupus written on a chalk board surrounded by a stethoscope, medication and a book

Lupus Treatments

Today, doctors have more choices to help patients manage lupus effectively because the range and effectiveness of treatments have increased in recent decades. Current treatments and medications include:

  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which decrease inflammation, are often used to treat people with joint or chest pain, fever and swelling. Some NSAIDs, like ibuprofen and naproxen, are available over the counter, while others require a doctor’s prescription. They may be used alone or in combination with other types of drugs under a doctor’s direction.
  • Antimalarial Drugs: While antimalarial drugs prevent and treat malaria, they’re also useful for lupus. A common antimalarial for lupus, hydroxychloroquine, may be used alone or in combination with other drugs to treat fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes and lung inflammation. Clinical studies have found that regular use of antimalarials may prevent flares from recurring.
  • Corticosteroids are a family of drugs related to cortisol, a natural anti-inflammatory hormone. Rapidly suppressing inflammation, corticosteroids are potent drugs with side effects, so doctors will seek the lowest dose to achieve the desired benefit or use them in combination with less potent drugs.
  • Immunosuppressives: If your kidneys or central nervous system are affected by lupus, you may need immunosuppressive therapy, which restrains the overactive immune system by blocking the production of immune cells. The risk for side effects increases with the length of treatment.
  •  B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) Specific inhibitor: 
    • In 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved belimumab (Benlysta®), a B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) protein inhibitor, for patients with lupus receiving other standard therapies. Given by IV infusion, belimumab may reduce the number of abnormal B cells thought to be a problem in lupus.
    • In July 2017, belimumab was approved by the FDA as a self-injectable (subcutaneous) formulation for people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) being treated with standard therapy. The new formulation allows patients to administer the drug to themselves as a once-weekly injection.
    • In April 2019, the FDA approved intravenous Benlysta (belimumab) to treat children with lupus who are five years old or above.
  • Voclosporin: On January 22, 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved voclosporin (LUPKYNIS). Voclosporin is the first and only FDA-approved oral medication specifically indicated for the treatment of lupus nephritis. It has been proven in clinical trials to help control lupus nephritis and protect the kidneys from further damage without high-dose steroids.
  • Type I interferon receptor antibody: In August 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved anifrolumab-fnia (Saphnelo™), a first-in-class type I interferon receptor antagonist indicated for adults with moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The approval represents the first new treatment for generalized SLE in more than a decade and is the result of significant seminal research funded originally by the Lupus Research Alliance.

Lupus treatments from Lupus Research Alliance: https://www.lupusresearch.org/understanding-lupus/what-is-lupus/treatment-options/n can help us provide food, shelter, and medical care to those in need. No donation is too small, and every dollar counts.

Support Our Programs

From lupus education for newly diagnosed patients, one on one support for patients and free Online Education classes for patients and those who love them, we offer many different but equally important programs. Your donation can help us fund critical initiatives and make a difference in the life of a lupus patient. 

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Rheumatologists & Specialists

Female lupus patient talking with doctor

American College of Rheumatologists

American College of Rheumatologists

American College of Rheumatologists

We recommend checking the database of the American College of Rheumatology

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Lupus patient listening to a doctor

Dermatologists

American College of Rheumatologists

American College of Rheumatologists

Find a Dermatologist here

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Obstetricians & Gynecologists

Obstetricians & Gynecologists

Obstetricians & Gynecologists

FInd a OBGYN here

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Testing & Trials

Obstetricians & Gynecologists

Obstetricians & Gynecologists

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More Info

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Office Locations

San Diego: 4699 Murphy Canyon Rd, San Diego, CA 92123

San Jose:  2635 N First St., Suite 132, San Jose, CA 95134


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